Trisomia 18 (Sindrom Edwards) | Trisomy 18 ( Edwards syndrome) |
Definitie:
· Trisomie autosomalã a cromozomului 18 Ecografie: Ø Ȋn primul trimestru de sarcinã: -crește translucenţa nuchalã; * Al doilea trimestru: -multiple anomalii majore; -o anomalie majorã + marker T18; -chiste de plex choroid+alte anomalii; -întârziere de creștere intrauterinã (IUGR); este simetricã . |
Definitions:
· Autosomal trisomy of chromosome 18 Ultrasonography: Ø First trimester: -increased nuchal translucency (NT); * Second trimester: -multiple major anomalities; -single major anomality+T18 minor marker; -Choroid plexus cyst+other anomalities; -early intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR); it’s symmetric. |
Anomalii majore multiple:
-întârziere de creștere intrauterinã simetricã * Anomalii cardiace: -defect de sept ventricular; -defect de sept atrial; -dextrocardie; *Anomalii musculo-scheletale (uni sau bilaterale): -mâini încleștate; -artrogripozã; -picior strâmb; -malformaţii ale radiusului; *Higroma chisticã (CH/creșterea NT): -CH mai puţin pronunţatã ca la sindromul Turner; -poate fi prezent hidrops; *Anomalii ale creierului: -ventriculomegalie; -sindrom Dandy-Walker; -hipoplazie cerebralã; -agenezie de corp calos; *Meningomielocel / spina bifida deschisã : -recomandare: cariotip ;
*Anomalii gastrointestinale: -omfalocel; -hernie diafragmaticã; -atrezie esofagianã ; *Anomalii urinare: -obstrucţia vezicii urinare; -hidronefrozã; *Anomalii ale feţei: -bot de lup, buzã de iepure ; -micrognaţie; -inserţie joasã a urechilor; -hipertelorism; -microftalmia sau anoftalmia; *Anomalii ale placentei: -placenta de dimensiuni reduse; -rare chisturi ; *Cordon ombilical: -o singurã arterã ombilicalã; |
Multiple major anomalies:
-symmetric IUGR; *Cardiac defects: -ventricular septal defect: -atrial septal defect; -dextrocardia; *Musculoskeletal findings (unilateral or bilateral): -clenched hands; -athrogyposis; -clubfoot; -radial ray malformation; *Cystic hygroma (CH/nuchal thickenning): -CH not as large as with Turner syndrome; -may present with hidrops;
*Brain anomalies: -ventriculomegaly; -Dandy-Walker syndrome; -cerebellar hipoplasia; -agenesis of the corpus callosum; *Meningomyelocele / open spina bifida (OSB): -karyotipe recommended when OSB; *Gastrointestinal anomalities: -omphalocele; -diaphragmatic hernia; -esophageal atresia; *Urinary tract anomalies: -bladder outlet obstruction; -hydronephrosis; *Facial anomalies: -cleft lip or palate; -micrognathia; -low set ears; -hypertelorism; -microphthalmia or anophthalmia; *Abnomal placenta: -small placenta; -rarely cystic; *Umbilical cord: -single umbilical artery; |
Date clinice:
-cvadruplu test : rezultate modificate ; -2/3 din fetușii în evoluţie pânã la 16 sãptãmâni mor înainte de termen; -90% din nou-nãscuţii vii decedeazã în primul an. |
Clinical Issues:
-abnormal maternal serum quadruple test screen; -2/3 of fetuses alive at 16 weeks die before term; -90% of live-born die in the first year of life. |
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